If you have ever stopped to look at a piece of sheet music you will have noticed many different shapes ranged across the page. Many look like circles that might or might not be totally filled in. Some may look connected by a couple lines or more. There are other strange symbols as well. What does this all mean?
Is sheet music written in some strange language that only a musician can understand? The answer to that is a resounding no! While it can seem daunting at first sheet music is not extremely difficult to read once you know and understand the different types of notes and symbols you are looking at.
The note structure for most sheet music follows the same basic rules. A whole note is the first note that you should be able to recognize easily. It looks like an open circle and will occupy one full measure (the space between two of the vertical bars which are placed at even integrals across the staff. A whole note is one that is held for the full measure of a beat.
A whole note that falls under different time signatures will not be held for the same length of time however. A whole note in 4/4 time will be held for a full four beats whereas one in 3/4 time will only be held for three beats. This difference aside the whole note will always be considered a whole note unless there is another bit of musical notation added which will be discussed later on.
The next type of note is a half note. This note will look like a small open circle with a line rising up from the right side. As the name implies this type of note will only be held for half the time that a whole note would be held. You will never see a whole note on the same measure as another note except in very specific time signatures which are the rare exception indeed.
Your next note will be a quarter note. Each of these notes in a measure are held for one-quarter of a beat. A quarter note will look just like a half note except the circle section will be completely filled. The other types of notes you will find will be drawn similar to the quarter notes except for one difference.
It is this difference that will determine the length of the beat for which the note will be held. Eighth notes for example are joined at the top of their vertical lines by a bar that crosses from one note to the next. It is this single bar at the top that will let you know that the notes are held for one eighth of a beat apiece. The same will go for sixteenth notes which are joined by two bars at the top and thirty second notes which are joined by three bars at the top of the note. Once you can recognize these different types of notes you will learning sheet music before you know it.
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Reading music notes look complicated and many people especially kids loose their interest thinking that it is too difficult. On the contrary, at least the basics of reading music can be grasped quite easily with a certain amount of perseverance. Of course it needs a little effort at the inception but once you get used to reading the scores, reading music notes would be as easy as reading any nursery rhymes.
What is a Clef?
A clef is a musical symbol that is placed at the beginning of the staff. It determines the letter names of the lines and spaces. Treble clef and the bass clef are the two main clefs. In most contemporary sheet music you will see the music will be written on either the treble clef staff or the bass clef. The treble clef consists of notes that are higher in pitch than the bass clef. A staff is made up of five horizontal lines and four spaces. The pitches are named after the first seven letters of the English alphabet (A B C D E F G).
How to play different notes:
One should be able to differentiate between the duration of the notes. This is where the importance of the values of notes comes in. Each note may have a specific length on its own. And each kind of note has a different symbol assigned to it. It is important to know the tempo otherwise a small mistake in a count may mess up the whole piece. The different kinds of notes are the whole note, the half note, the quarter note, the eighth note and the sixteenth note.
To play a whole note in the time signature of 4/4 it would have to be played and held for the duration of 4 beats. Half notes in 4/4 time would be held for half of the bar or two of the 4 beats of the bar. Each half note would be played for the duration of half of the bar. Quarter notes in 4/4 time would be held for 1/4 of the length of a bar. The proper way to count quarter notes in 4/4 time is 1 for the 1st quarter note, 2 for the 2nd, 3 for the 3rd and 4 for the 4th. Eighth notes are half the length of quarter notes and the sixteenth notes are half the length of the eighth notes.
The meter is given at the beginning of the staff after the clef. The meter or time signature in a musical piece is indicated by a fraction. The lower number of the fraction tells what kind of note receives one beat. The upper number tells how many beats are in a measure. The majority of the contemporary rock and pop music is written in the 4/4 time signature.
Learning music is fun and can be quite relaxing also. With a little perseverance you can learn any instrument you want. Don't be intimidated by the symbols of the different notes. Once you learn the basics it won't take you much time to get to that point when you would be able to play any song by just looking at the notes. So enjoy your journey in music land!
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